A national sports institute as a learning culture     

Jessica Lee  Nathan Price 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2016,21(1):10-23

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How does visual manipulation affect obstacle avoidance strategies used by athletes?     

M. P. Bijman  J. J. Fisher 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):915-922

Research examining our ability to avoid obstacles in our path has stressed the importance of visual input. The aim of this study was to determine if athletes playing varsity-level field sports, who rely on visual input to guide motor behaviour, are more able to guide their foot over obstacles compared to recreational individuals. While wearing kinematic markers, eight varsity athletes and eight age-matched controls (aged 18–25) walked along a walkway and stepped over stationary obstacles (180° motion arc). Visual input was manipulated using PLATO visual goggles three or two steps pre-obstacle crossing and compared to trials where vision was given throughout. A main effect between groups for peak trail toe elevation was shown with greater values generated by the controls for all crossing conditions during full vision trials only. This may be interpreted as athletes not perceiving this obstacle as an increased threat to their postural stability. Collectively, findings suggest the athletic group is able to transfer their abilities to non-specific conditions during full vision trials; however, varsity-level athletes were equally reliant on visual cues for these visually guided stepping tasks as their performance was similar to the controls when vision is removed.  相似文献   

Quality of life perception of basketball master athletes: association with physical activity level and sports injuries     

Natália Boneti Moreira  Oldemar Mazzardo  Gislaine Cristina Vagetti  Valdomiro De Oliveira  Wagner De Campos 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):988-996

This study aimed to verify the prevalence and characteristics of sports injuries (SI) and determine the association between the physical activity level (PA) and SI with perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Brazilian basketball master athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 male master athletes, between 35 and 85 years of age (mean 52.26, SD ±11.83). The HRQoL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study – Short Form-36. The PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Information regarding SI was collected using the Reported Morbidity Survey. Poisson regression, as estimated by the prevalence ratio (PR), was used as a measure of the association of PA and SI with HRQoL. The majority of athletes showed a high SI prevalence (58.3%) and reported one injury (67.8%) that occurred during training (61.1%) and primarily affected a lower limb (74.6%). The adjusted regression models showed a positive association of PA with the Functional Capacity (PR = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–1.90) and Physical Component (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.03–1.70) of HRQoL. Furthermore, the SI were negatively associated with HRQoL in Functional Capacity (PR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.51–2.27), Physical Aspects (PR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.08–5.18), Pain (PR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.26–2.16), Social Functioning (PR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41–2.27), Emotional Aspects (PR = 4.40, 95% CI = 3.35–5.78), Mental Health domains (PR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.06–1.68), Physical Component (PR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.90–2.90) and Mental Component (PR = 2.65, 95% CI = 2.14–3.29). These results highlighted that master athletes showed a high SI prevalence, primarily in the lower limbs. PA positively correlates with the physical HRQoL domain, whereas SI may decrease the HRQoL levels of both physical and mental domains.  相似文献   

The key to success in elite athletes? Explicit and implicit motor learning in youth elite and non-elite soccer players     

L. Verburgh  E. J. A. Scherder  P. A. M. van Lange  J. Oosterlaan 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(18):1782-1790

In sports, fast and accurate execution of movements is required. It has been shown that implicitly learned movements might be less vulnerable than explicitly learned movements to stressful and fast changing circumstances that exist at the elite sports level. The present study provides insight in explicit and implicit motor learning in youth soccer players with different expertise levels. Twenty-seven youth elite soccer players and 25 non-elite soccer players (aged 10–12) performed a serial reaction time task (SRTT). In the SRTT, one of the sequences must be learned explicitly, the other was implicitly learned. No main effect of group was found for implicit and explicit learning on mean reaction time (MRT) and accuracy. However, for MRT, an interaction was found between learning condition, learning phase and group. Analyses showed no group effects for the explicit learning condition, but youth elite soccer players showed better learning in the implicit learning condition. In particular, during implicit motor learning youth elite soccer showed faster MRTs in the early learning phase and earlier reached asymptote performance in terms of MRT. Present findings may be important for sports because children with superior implicit learning abilities in early learning phases may be able to learn more (durable) motor skills in a shorter time period as compared to other children.  相似文献   

“武、巫、舞”的融合与分解：非洲武技与中国武术差异性释例          下载免费PDF全文

Tailing Tene Rodrigue 《体育科研》2016,(5):66-70

从非洲文化的角度介绍“非洲武技”（或“非洲武艺”）的概念,描述非洲人对格斗术的理解并提出“非洲武技”的“武、巫、舞”概念,即将格斗、巫术和舞蹈的三位一体视为“非洲武技”的核心。另外,简要对比非洲武技与中国武术两个概念,以显出二者的相似与差异之处,便于促进中非文化理解。最后简单介绍了“非洲武技”中比较为有代表性的格斗术如Engolo、Dambe、Laamb、Donga以及 Zulu Stick Fighting（祖鲁棍法）。  相似文献   

运动员感恩的价值及其培养策略分析     

董良山  王斌  叶绿  卜姝 《湖北体育科技》2016,(8):734-737

运动员感恩教育是指运动队的管理者或者教练员根据运动员的个性特点,在训练和比赛的过程中运用一定的方法和手段,创造一定的感恩氛围,激发和引导运动员对知恩、感恩、报恩、施恩的价值认同,并付诸实践的道德教育过程。运动员感恩的价值主要体现在增加运动员的心理应对资源;促进运动员行为的积极变化;建立和维持运动员的人际关系网络。对运动员进行感恩教育的培养策略可以从以下3个方面进行:营造良好的感恩教育环境;创新感恩教育的方式、方法;提升感恩认知和行为。  相似文献   

中国皮划艇国家二队功能动作筛查的应用研究     

李琴  高潼阳  贾昊哲  孔运峰  余银 《湖北体育科技》2016,(11):997-1000

运用文献资料法、测试法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法和数理统计法对国家皮划艇青年队进行功能动作筛查测试,根据测试结果为备战2020年奥运会提供数据及理论的支持。通过研究发现:划艇运动员的总分情况整体优于皮艇运动员;大部分运动员髋、膝、踝三关节在单一的运动平面中具有较好的协调和稳定性,但在两个以上的运动平面中完成动作的稳定和控制能力有待提高;运动员的髋关节、肩关节及股四头肌柔韧性存在不平衡现象,左侧链与右侧链在多运动平面中协调稳定性也存在不平衡现象;运动员的损伤率较高,且损伤的主要部位是肩和腰。  相似文献   

文化学视野下我国乡村武术文化建设的机遇与威胁     

孙向豪 《湖北体育科技》2016,(3):260-263

运用文化学的知识,通过文献、逻辑等方法分析武术在当代乡村建设中面临的机遇与威胁,认为:乡村武术文化建设在文化寻根热潮、文化多样化需要、统筹城乡发展、文化强国建设方面具有一定机遇;在多种文化形态进入、多种娱乐方式兴起、标准化与差异化的矛盾、物欲横流的享乐社会等方面具有威胁。  相似文献   

Asian Martial Arts: The Anarchic Legacy of the War Machine     

Barry Allen 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(9):882-892

Abstract

The renaissance of Asian martial arts is a conspicuous example of cultural hybridity in a global setting. Globalization brings these arts under the dual sway of cinema and sport to a degree unprecedented in their history. This pull, which I describe in terms from Deleuze and Guattari as deterritorialization, creates new challenges for Asian martial arts practice. To explore these challenges and their stakes, I demonstrate the relevance of the concept of the war machine from Deleuze and Guattari, and discuss their distinction between weapons and tools as it bears on Asian martial arts history and practice.  相似文献   

关于我国理工科大学文科教育的几点认识     

胡显章  张绪潭  王成鑫 《大连大学学报》1996,(3)

在理工科大学生中进行文科教育,是培养21世纪的社会主义建设者和接班人的重要途径,高素质的人才是重要的战略资源,直接关系到21世纪中国的面貌,决定着中国在世界中的地位、前途和命运。加强文科教育,适应了日益明显的自然科学、社会科学和人文学科交叉综合的趋势,有利于形成适应科学、工业和文化发展的思维方式和造就能够文理结合、综合创新的复合型人才。  相似文献